Calculate total external static pressure and diagnose airflow restrictions. Compare measured vs. design to find problems.
Static pressure is the resistance to airflow in your duct system, measured in inches of water column (in. WC). It's the most important diagnostic measurement in HVAC — high static pressure means your system is working harder than designed, reducing efficiency and lifespan.
Dirty filters, undersized ductwork, closed dampers, collapsed flex duct, and blocked return grilles are the most common causes. A dirty filter alone can increase static by 0.2-0.4" WC, reducing airflow by 20-30%. Replace filters regularly and keep blower motors clean.
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